1. Changes in Lending Limits
The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) periodically adjusts the lending limits for Home Equity Conversion Mortgages (HECMs), the most common type of reverse mortgage. Increases in these limits can allow borrowers to access more funds. Conversely, reductions might limit available loan amounts.
2. Financial Assessment Requirements
The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) mandates financial assessments to ensure borrowers can meet ongoing obligations such as property taxes and insurance. This aims to reduce defaults and foreclosure rates, but it may also affect eligibility for some seniors.
3. Mortgage Insurance Premiums
HUD has adjusted the initial and annual mortgage insurance premiums (MIP) for HECMs. These premiums protect lenders but increase costs for borrowers. Understanding the current rates and how they affect overall loan costs is crucial.
4. Non-Borrowing Spouse Protections
Policies now provide greater protections for non-borrowing spouses, allowing them to remain in the home after the borrower passes away or moves into long-term care. This is a significant shift aimed at providing more security for surviving spouses.
5. Interest Rate and Principal Limit Factors
Adjustments to interest rates and the principal limit factors (PLFs) by the FHA can influence how much equity borrowers can access. Lower PLFs or higher interest rates can reduce the amount of money available.
6. Counseling Requirements
HUD requires reverse mortgage counseling to ensure borrowers understand the implications of their decision. This includes discussing the impact on heirs, alternatives to a reverse mortgage, and the financial obligations involved.
7. Tax and Insurance Defaults
There are stricter policies regarding defaults on property taxes and homeowners insurance. Borrowers must maintain these payments, or risk foreclosure. Some reverse mortgages may include set-asides for these expenses to help manage this risk.